A couple of
days ago, it took several humans to rescue a Korean lady who had been
savagely assaulted by her robot vacuum cleaner.
Some may consider this
incident to be the first post-singularity crime, because the machine was obviously
gifted with an intelligence superior to that of its owner (yes, robot cleaners are
great and long hair is great, but even if ondol is great, you simply don’t
sleep with the latter on the path of the former).
Still, singularity
is not for today. And if we’re not there yet, that’s also because stupidity is precisely
what makes humans superior to machines. But we’ll have to get smarter. Not in
order to win the evolution race against a more competitive opponent, but in
order not to lose ourselves.
In this transitional period, humans keep ruling because they’re stupid
Making mistakes is
essential in any learning process, and humans will remain superior to machines
as long as machines can’t cope alone with major disruptions, spot and fix issues
without rules and decisions based on human expertise or judgment. I don’t mean
bugs, basic problems, or even simple loopholes, but issues that truly require
cognitive leaps to identify and brand new approaches to solve.
One of the beauties
of computing is that you can easily track back decisions, implement and improve
rules. But for the moment, most learning systems keep exposing our own flaws,
because they are not truly self-learning, and ultimately rely on human
expertise. I once fell for their devilish attractiveness: our information
systems needed a scoring solution, and here was this new, agile, future-proof,
and ego-flatteringly smart concept waiting to be toyed with. But we quickly
understood that humans were the weaker link, that at that early technological
stage, making sure the gizmo remained relevant would demand rules that no
organization would ever be able to implement on a sustainable basis. Because our
dream of simplified decision making processes promised to be the mother of all
Rube Goldberg machines, we opted for an off-the-shelf solution that did the
trick for a fraction of the cost. Yes neural networks will unlock new realms
for innovation, but back then we simply couldn’t rely only on them to run our
whole business. From a risk management perspective, that’s a no brainer.
Of course, we
remain stupid animals, and financial organizations keep using algorithmic
trading to bang their heads against the Wall with greater force and speed every
day…
Still, we cannot
afford to continue developing at the same time Artificial Intelligence in
machines and Real Stupidity in ourselves.
‘Machines smarter than humans’ must not mean ‘machines out of human reach’
In singularity
times, machines will be able to take more complex decisions, to better learn
from indirect experiences, to invent radically disruptive rules and programs,
to be more proactive. What will be the role of humans in these processes? More
often pupils than teachers? More often followers than leaders? More often
puppets than puppeteers? On which side of the food chain? Will humans become
mere servers, accepting requests from machine-clients that only need them to
perfect their own capacity to deal with imperfection? Will we become the only
true ‘terminals’ in a pervasively connected world or, at the other extreme,
become things among other things in the almighty yet hackable internet of
things? In any case, you don’t want Web 3.0 to be controlled by a happy few. It
is essential to guarantee transparency, democracy, trust.
More than ever,
humans will have to learn how to think by themselves, without machines. We must
learn to understand and to challenge our technological environments, we must learn
to communicate with each other, not only through
machines.
Yet of course, we
must also learn to communicate with machines, to get inside their brains as
much as they’ll get inside ours. Programming must not be a foreign language
mastered by a minority, machines must not become black boxes. Because computers
will be first modeled after our brains, then improved from there, we will need
increasingly simple interfaces to cope with increasingly complex systems.
We will spend more
time with machines, including maybe more time serving them. Information Services are already used to rationalize
human resources by projects, to calculate man-hour units that are often
measuring time devoted to a human-machine dialog. And today, we’re already measuring
the time individuals spend on average in front of a screen (TV, smartphone,
laptop…), without distinguishing active and passive periods. Tomorrow, we might
need to track the time spent on active contributions, or to count inputs that
may also become sources of income. And that’s without counting the invisible
contributions we’ll all make as we move in always-on environments that evolve
by learning from our very behaviors.
Our role won’t be just
to help machines get smarter, but to constantly challenge decisions taken /
rules fixed by supposedly superior intelligences, evaluating how far is too far,
proposing simple ways of activating / deactivating key functionalities. The
value will be less in designing or debugging algorithms, than in questioning
their very purpose. We will enjoy a lot of fancy autopilot systems, but should
remain the captain on board.
In fuzzy and disruptive environments: keep updated, but stay true
We know singularity
is coming, we suspect it’s going to be big and pervasive, but we can’t be sure
we’ll be ready on time as individuals and as corporations.
Don’t panic: humans
have always been laggards scared by the unknown, trying to figure out how their
environments worked, including the ones they built themselves (particularly the ones they built
themselves). The only thing is that, at a certain stage called singularity,
this man-made environment may understand us better than ourselves.
Now you can panic.
But don’t start
running like headless chickens, and cool down a bit. You only need to develop
the minimal level of paranoia and schizophrenia required for good strategic
intelligence: ‘paranoia’ because playing with worst case scenarios years ahead is
more fun than cleaning the mess after the disruptions actually hit the fan, and
‘schizophrenia’ because you understand much more clearly your environment when
you alternate different points of views.
Of course, it helps
to follow up what’s going on in innovation, to see how leaders try to remain at
the top of the game. Look how Google beefs up its core assets – the deepest and
fastest reach in requests -, in which fields Larry Page & Co. venture to cover
key entry points (Google X, Calico, Singularity University…). Beyond the usual
suspects and highly innovative sectors, combine key enablers with key players
in key fields, and beyond in political or social domains, and let your imagination
roll. Then consider from different viewpoints your own environment, your own
companies, your own jobs… and see how it could play out.
The way
stakeholders interact in a community will necessarily evolve. For instance, to
remain in business fields, doesn’t the old employer-employee or provider-consumer
pairs already sound obsolete? Who’s hiring whom? Who’s providing a service to
whom? Look how individuals, groups, brands, services, or corporations evolve in
the LinkedIn marketplace. Look how journalism evolved; the time spent
crowdsourcing upstream and broadcasting downstream, with sometimes the same
provider/consumer at the other end…
Companies
themselves are becoming more agile networks, and depending on the field, some
already function around a very limited core, or to the contrary through a pervasive,
collaborative ‘human fog’.
The internet
revolution not only permeated societies, but paved the way for singularity and
the pedagogy of key concepts related to it. It also trained us for the changes
to come.
Remember when the
internet became a mainstream technology, during the mid-nineties: most
businesses considered it as an external phenomenon, more ‘a new business’ than
‘a new way of doing business’. They didn’t pay attention to the potential
impacts on their own activity before perceiving them, in which case it was
often too late. Even in the major telecom group I worked for, most people, at
the beginning, treated the internet like a new line of products rather than like a
revolution in services. A lot of pedagogy was needed to change mindsets, and
one easy way was to project decision makers into an environment where all other
players would have evolved. Not just our competitors, but key players in fields
that a priori didn’t seem connected
to our own, some of which were bound to become coopetitors.
Guessing how
players would evolve required understanding and challenging their environments,
and fundamentally answering the question ‘what is their ‘métier’?’ I used this old fashioned word because it reaches deeper
than ‘occupation’, ‘trade’, ‘craft’, ‘calling’, ‘work’, ‘profession’, or ‘job’.
It defines you more by what you are than by what you do. For instance, companies
providing apparently exactly the same service and present at the same levels of
the value chain could have different core métiers: this one would be
fundamentally more a designer, that one more an editor. As proprietary value
chains became open value galaxies, players chose different paths to focus on
core dimensions, outsource or abandon others, venture into new territories,
build innovative partnerships. In these utterly uncertain times, you could tell
who was true to themselves, who truly understood their métier enough to see if
not precisely how, at least in which ways they would have to evolve.
In shifting
environments, identity demands clear values. It’s not what you do, but what you
are, and what you won’t do. And in singularity times more than ever, transparency
will be key to trust in a relationship.
*
Is the question ‘will
technology create or destroy jobs?’* or ‘how far will technology redefine
employment, organizations, ourselves, our relations with others, with our
environment…?’ And ultimately, ‘how must we anticipate as individuals and societies
to cope in sustainable ways?”
Anticipating singularity
is a chance for us to reaffirm our humanity.
And to push
stupidity to new levels.
* see my answers
to the Singularity 99 questionnaire
mot-bile 2015
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